open letter to emilio aguinaldo
Answer:
open letter
Explanation:
Emilio Aguinaldo’s Letter to the American People
Context:
1. Who is Emilio Aguinaldo?
2. What led him to write this ‘open letter’?
Close Reading:
3. Who is the “imperial power” that Aguinaldo refers to?
4. According to Aguinaldo, what did the US do when the Philippines tried to protest the injustice done to them?
5. How does Aguinaldo call Americans who want to conquer the Philippines?
Analysis:
6. Why do you think Aguinaldo, included the last question, “would you tax us without representation?”
Historical Significance—In 1899, Emilio Aguinaldo, a Filipino general, declared Philippine independence and proclaimed the Philippines as the First Philippine Republic. The US did not recognize Aguinaldo’s government, and Aguinaldo declared war on the US. Anti-imperialists opposed US occupation of the Philippines and attempted to gather support to stop the war by publishing pamphlets such as this one. By 1901, the US had captured Aguinaldo, but resistance by Filipino rebels continued for another decade. By the end of the war, more than 4,000 American and 16,000 Filipino soldiers had lost their lives.
June 1900.
God Almighty knows how unjust is the war, which the Imperial arms have provoked and are maintaining against our unfortunate country!
…When we protested against this evilrudeness, then the guns of the United States were turned upon us; we were denounced as traitors and rebels; you destroyed the homes to which you had been welcomed as honored guests, killing thousands of those who had been your allies, mutilating our old men, our women and our children, and watering with blood and strewing with ruins the beautiful soil of our Fatherland.
…Why do the Imperialists wish to conquer us? What do they intend to do with us? Do they expect us to surrender our inalienable rights, our homes, our properties, our lives, our future destinies, to the absolute control of the United States? What would you do with our nine millions of people? Would you permit us to take part in your elections? …Or, would you tax us without representation?
Emilio Aguinaldo, Central Filipino Committee, LETTER TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, (1899).
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